Crew Served Machine Guns FM 3-22-68

CREW-SERVED MACHINE GUNS,
5.56-mm AND 7.62-mm

COVER

PREFACE

Section	I. Description and Components
	1-1. Description
	1-2. Components
	1-3. Ammunition
	1-4. Blank Firing Attachment

Section	II. Maintenance
	1-5. Clearing Procedures
	1-6. General Disassembly
	1-7. Inspection
	1-8. Cleaning, Lubrication, and Preventive Maintenance
	1-9. General Assembly
	1-10. Function Check
	1-11. Maintenance Procedures
	1-12. Maintenance During Nuclear, Biological, Chemical Conditions

Section	III. Operation and Function
	1-13. Operation
	1-14. Loading
	1-15. Unloading
	1-16. Cycle of Functioning
	1-17. Sights
	1-18. M122 Tripod
	1-19. Bipod Operations
	1-20. Vehicular Mount
	1-21. Tripod Positioning

Section	IV. Performance Problems and Destruction
	1-22. Malfunctions.
	1-23. Stoppages
	1-24. Immediate Action
	1-25. Remedial Action
	1-26. Destruction Procedures

Section	I. Description and Components
	2-1. Description
	2-2. Components
	2-3. Ammunition
	2-4. Blank Firing Attachments, M13 and M13A

Section	II. Maintenance
	2-5. Clearing Procedures
	2-6. General Disassembly
	2-7. Inspection
	2-8. Cleaning, Lubrication, and Preventive Maintenance
	2-9. General Assembly
	2-10. Function Check
	2-11. Maintenance Procedures
	2-12. Maintenance During Nuclear, Biological, Chemical Conditions

Section	III. Operation and Function
	2-13. Operation
	2-14. Loading
	2-15. Unloading....
	2-16. Cycle of Functioning
	2-17. Sights
	2-18. M122 Tripod
	2-19. Bipod Operations
	2-20. Vehicular Mount
	2-21. Tripod Position

Section	IV. Performance Problems and Destruction
	2-22. Malfunctions.
	2-23. Stoppages
	2-24. Immediate Action
	2-25. Remedial Action
	2-26. Destruction Procedures

Section	I. Description and Components
	3-1. Description
	3-2. Components
	3-3. Ammunition
	3-4. Ammunition Adapter
	3-5. Blank Firing Attachment

Section	II. Maintenance
	3-6. Clearing Procedures
	3-7. General Disassembly
	3-8. Inspection
	3-9. Cleaning, Lubrication, and Preventive Maintenance
	3-10. General Assembly
	3-11. Function Check
	3-12. Maintenance Procedures
	3-13. Maintenance During Nuclear, Biological, Chemical Conditions

Section	III. Operation and Function
	3-14. Operation
	3-15. Loading
	3-16. Unloading
	3-17. Cycle of Functioning
	3-18. Sights
	3-19. M122A1 Tripod
	3-20. Bipod Operations
	3-21. Tripod Operations

Section	IV. Performance Problems and Destruction
	3-22. Malfunctions
	3-23. Stoppages
	3-24. Immediate Action
	3-25. Remedial Action
	3-26. Stuck Barrel
	3-27. Destruction Procedures

Section	I Introduction
	4-1. Objectives
	4-2. Training Phases
	4-3. Training Strategy
	4-4. Training for Combat Conditions

Section	II. Preliminary Gunnery
	4-5. Marksmanship Fundamentals
	4-6. Firing Positions
	4-7. Night Fire
	4-8. Nuclear, Biological, Chemical Fire
	4-9. Engagement of Moving Targets
	4-10. Traverse and Search
	4-11. Direct Lay
	4-12. Application of Fire
	4-13. Fire Adjustment
	4-14. Effects of Wind
	4-15. Fire Commands
	4-16. Dry-Fire Exercise
	4-17. Multipurpose Machine Gun Range Layout
	4-18. Basic Machine Gun Target
	4-19. Target Analysis

Section	III. Crew Drill
	4-20. Preparation
	4-21. Crew Equipment
	4-22. Formation (Bipod or Tripod Mounted)
	4-23. Cross-Training Procedures
	4-24. Inspection for Bipod Fire
	4-25. Placement into Action (Bipod)
	4-26. Procedures for Changing the Barrel (Bipod)
	4-27. Removal from Action (Bipod)
	4-28. Inspection for Tripod Fire
	4-29. Placement into Action (Tripod)
	4-30. Procedures for Changing the Barrel (Tripod)
	4-31. Removal from Action (Tripod)
	4-32. Prone Position

Section	IV. Basic Gunnery for the M249, M60, and M240B Machine Guns
	4-33. Zero
	4-34. Field Zero
	4-35. 10-Meter Firing
	4-36. 10-Meter Conduct of Fire
	4-37. 10-Meter Firing, Qualification
	4-38. Transition Fire
	4-39. Transition Conduct of Fire, Bipod
	4-40. Transition Fire, Limited Visibility
	4-41. AN/PVS-4 Zero
	4-42. Qualification Standards

Section	I. Characteristics of Fire
	5-1. Trajectory
	5-2. Maximum Ordinate
	5-3. Cone of Fire
	5-4. Beaten Zone
	5-5. Danger Space

Section	II. Classes of Fire
	5-6. Respect to the Ground
	5-7. Respect to the Target
	5-8. Respect to the Machine Gun

Section	III. Application of Fire
	5-9. Types of Targets
	5-10. Distribution, Concentration, and Rate of Fire
	5-11. Target Engagement
	5-12. Target Engagement during Limited Visibility
	5-13. Overhead Fire
	5-14. Defilade Positions

Section	IV. Predetermined Fires
	5-15. Terminology
	5-16. Range Card

Section	V. Fire Control
	5-17. Methods of Fire Control
	5-18. Fire Commands

Section	VI. Range Determination
	5-19. Range Estimation
	5-20. Lateral Distance Measurement

Section	VII. Advanced Gunnery
	5-21. Objectives
	5-22. Organization
	5-23. Ammunition
	5-24. Firing Sequence
	5-25. Alternate Firing Positions
	5-26. Movement, Speed, and Alignment
	5-27. Reloading

	6-1. Mission-Essential Task List
	6-2. Trainer Assessment
	6-3. Assistant Trainers and Cadre Coaches
	6-4. Program Phases
	6-5. Training Tasks
	6-6. Trainer Certification Program

APPENDIX A.	UNIT TRAINING PROGRAM
APPENDIX B.	PROFICIENCY (PERFORMANCE) EXAMINATION
APPENDIX C.	AERIAL DEFENSE
APPENDIX D.	RANGE SAFETY
APPENDIX E.	EMPLOYMENT
APPENDIX F.	TRAINING AIDS AND DEVICES
APPENDIX G.	ADVANCED OPTICS AND LASERS
APPENDIX H.	10-METER BORE LIGHT/25-METER TARGET OFFSETS

	GLOSSARY
	REFERENCES
	AUTHENTICATION

DISITRIBUTION RESTRICTION: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.

*This publication supersedes FM 23-67, 29 February 1984.